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BioTechCircle News®
January 2011
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You can now follow our comments and updates on Twitter: http://twitter.com/BioTechCircle
See all previous issues at Archives
In this articles section: links to 72 free Web articles in 15 major categories.
The major categories are in alphabetical order and further subdivided to make it easy for you to locate news and developments in technology, the business and the markets in the life science areas of interest to you. We’ve provded brief synopses to help you decide which articles you’d like to read. Simply click on the title to go directly to the original article.
Here are the major categories.
Biobusiness Management (1 article)
Investments/Government Support (2 articles)
Novel Applications (5 articles)
Platform Technologies (16 articles)
Research Advancements (15 articles)
Strategic Relationships (1 article)
Therapeutic Category (3 articles)
For a brief explanation of how we categorize the articles, please see "Express Guide to Monthly Web Articles at: http://www.techmanage.net/expressguide_articles
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Subcategory: Animal
GM Chickens Breakthrough to Prevent Spread of Bird Flu
BBSRC (14-Jan-11)
Genetically modified chickens have the potential to protect the health of the
birds and so increase the production of meat and eggs. It could also reduce the
risk of bird flu epidemics that can lead to new flu outbreaks in the human
population.
Dying Trees Make Way for Mice With Deadly Disease
Susan Milius Wired (07-Jan-11)
The "sudden aspen decline" that has wiped out swaths of trees across the
West has also changed the kinds, numbers and interactions of creatures living
around the trees: deer miceare almost 3X as likely to carry sin nombre virus,
sometimes fatal to humans.
Subcategory: Crops
Newly Sequenced Strawberry Genome
Georgia Tech (26-Dec-10)
The 14-chromosome woodland strawberry has one of the smallest genomes of
economically significant plants, but still contains approximately 240 million
base pairs. Revealed genes involved in flavor production, flowering and
response to disease.
Gene Helps Plants Use less Water without Biomass Loss
Purdue News (11-Jan-11)
When a plant closes its stomata ((pores that take in carbone dioxide, release
water), it also reduces the amount of carbon dioxide it can take in, limiting
photosynthesis, growth. Genetic mutation discovered that creates a beneficial
equilibrium.
Subcategory: Disease Prevention
Malaysia Releases Lab Mosquitoes to Fight Dengue
R & D Magazine (26-Jan-11)
Malaysia released about 6,000 genetically modified mosquitoes into a forest in
the first experiment of its kind in Asia aimed at curbing dengue fever. Cites
success of other similar experiments, concerns expressed by some.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
Is the Hornet Our Key to Renewable Energy?
American Friends of Tel Aviv Univ. (05-Jan-11)
Like photosynthesis in plants, the Oriental hornet takes the sun's energy and
converts it into electric power in the brown and yellow parts of its body. The
hornet also has a heat pump systen in its body that scientists are trying to
replicate.
Chemists Turn Gold to Purple – On Purpose
Brighman Young University (26-Jan-11)
An artificial system of photosynthesis is developed using a common protein
mixed with citric acid from oranges. Next in the experiment is to connect the
protein to an electrode to channel the energy into a battery or fuel cell.
Moth Eyes Inspire Improved Solar Cells
R & D Magazine (20-Jan-11)
The eyes of moths are covered with a water-repellent, antireflective coating
that makes their eyes among the least reflective surfaces in nature. A new film
for covering solar cells mimicks this microstructure, helps capture more power
from the sun.
Sandia Researchers Tailoring Fungi-based Biofuels to Meet the Needs of
Current, Advanced Combustion Engines
Sandia National Laboratories (19-Jan-11)
Endophytic fungi live between plant cell walls. Endophytes can turn
crystalline cellulosic material directly into fuel-type hydrocarbons without
any mechanical breakdown, so there is no need for cost-intensive industrial
processes to produce fuel.
Team Looks to the Cow Rumen for Better Biofuels Enzyme
Diana Yates University of Illinois (27-Jan-11)
The cow's digestive system allows it to eat more than 150 pounds of plant
matter every day and dozens of microbial enzymes in its rumen (the primary
grass-digestion chamber) contribute to the breakdown of switchgrass, a
renewable biofuel energy source.
Study: Renewable Fuel Mandate Can’t Be Met With Ethanol
John Timmer Wired (07-Jan-11)
Even many of its most ardent supporters have come to recognize that
corn-based biofuels may not make much economic sense. Scientists
recommend we focus on converting biomass into a gasoline-like fuel if we’re
to reach the mandated biofuel targets.
Subcategory: Environment
It’s Official: 2010 Warmest on Record in 5 Locations
Scientific Computing (05-Jan-11)
Five cities in the Northeast set the record for the warmest year in 2010:
Hartford, CN, Caribou, ME, Boston, MA, Concord, NH, and Providence, RI.
Subcategory: Food
CSHL Is Part of International Team that Sequences the ‘Chocolate’ Genome
Cold Spring Harbor (14-Jan-11)
Many commerical growers prefer to grow hybrid cacao trees that produce
chocolate of lower quality but are more resistant to disease. Genome sequence
of original, cacao tree domesticated 3,000 years ago having tastier beans may
improve chocolate.
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Subcategory: Computing Systems
Future-proof Your Data Archive
Dennis O'Reilly cnet News (30-Dec-10)
The best way to ensure your archived files will be readable while maintaining
their original formatting and other attributes is to save them in their native
format and in at least one other generic, open format, such as ODF and
Adobe's PDF for viewing.
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Subcategory: Ophthalmology
Patients Facing Blindness to Test Therapy with Stem Cells
Emily Singer MIT News (07-Jan-11)
Stem cell injections to treat macular degeneration replaces a type of retinal cell
called retinal pigment epithelium, which begins to deteriorate early in the
course of the disease. Now in clinical trials.
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Subcategory: Biomarker
Purdue, NIST Working on Breathalyzers for Medical Diagnostics
Purdue News (28-Dec-10)
Works by detecting changes in electrical resistance or conductance as gases
pass over sensors built on top of "microhotplates."Detecting biomarkers
provides a record of a patient's health profile, indicating possible presence of
cancer, other diseases.
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Subcategory: Miscellaneous
Magnetic Pill May Boost Drug Absorption
Laboratory Equipment (18-Jan-11)
System that safely holds a pill in place in the intestine wherever it needs to
be. Could provide a new way to deliver many drugs to patients, including
those with cancer or diabetes. Could also help understand where different
drugs are best absorbed.
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Subcategory: Bio Pharma
MIT News (04-Jan-11)
Reviews new whitepaper explaining why U.S. should capitalize on the trend
of convergence (the merger of life, physical and engineering sciences) to foster
the innovation necessary to meet the growing demand for accessible,
affordable health care. Link.
Subcategory: Education
HHMI Professors Strategy to Change the Culture of Science Education
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (13-Jan-11)
Discusses 7 initiatives for to developing education projects and curricula that
get undergraduates excited about science, a constant struggle "because the
reward and support system in universities focuses so heavily on research.”
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
Alternative Energy Can Power Entire World in 20-40 Years
Laboratory Equipment (27-Jan-11)
What if there was a way you could save about 3 million lives/yr plus halt
global warming, reduce air and water pollution and develop secure, reliable
energy sources and nearly all with existing technology and at current
comparable costs?
Subcategory: General
Emily Singer Technology Review (27-Dec-10)
Singer reviews advancements made in stem cells, genomics, brain control and
synthetic biology.
Subcategory: Miscellaneous
Economist (06-Jan-11)
Reviews book "The Net Delusion: The Dark Side of Internet Freedom" by
Evgeny Morozov, who takes a stand against the “cyber-utopian” view,
arguing that the internet can be as effective at sustaining authoritarian regimes
as it is in promoting democracy.
Matthew Herper Forbes.com (03-Jan-11)
How did a company that makes machines for decoding DNA wind up at the
top of biotech’s list of investment return, beating every drug maker? Herper
explains and lists the top 5: Illumina, Alexion, Dendreon, Perrigo and Novo
Nordisk.
Subcategory: Patent/Intellectual Property Issues
Records Broken in Patent Totals for 2010
R & D Magazine (10-Jan-11)
The USPTO issued an all-time high of 219,614 utility patents in 2010, up
31% from 2009, a record high annual increase. Drugs represent 2.1%, biotech
2%. Top 5 companies: IBM, Samsung, Microsoft, Canon, Panasonic.
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Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
Review of Industrial Biotechnology and Bioenergy Published
Colin Miles BBSRC (03-Feb-11)
Industrial biotechnology and bioenergy is a strategic priority that can make an
important contribution to UK society and economic growth. Outlines some of
11 recommendations, following advice from experts in academia and industry.
Personal Solar Panel Could Make Electricity More Accessible in the Developing
University of Michigan (26-Jan-11)
Team is developing a personal solar panel the size of a paperback, designed
for people in developing world. Provides light and basic electricity for cell
phone charging, other uses. Goal is to get price under $20.
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Subcategory: Animal
For Robust Robots, Let Them Be Babies First
Joshua E. Brown University of Vermont (20-Jan-11)
Robotics experts now design robots and develop their behaviors, rather than
trying to program the robots’ behavior directly. Explains how simulated and
actual robots, like tadpoles becoming frogs, change their body forms while
learning how to walk.
Subcategory: Education
Stanford Researcher Uses Living Cells to Create 'Biotic' Video Games
Louis Bergeron Stanford University (12-Jan-11)
Describes the first video games in which a player's actions influence the
behavior of living microorganisms while the game is being played. Goal is for
players to have fun interacting with biological processes, without conducting
a formal experiment.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
S.C. Gets Ready to Run on 'Pig Power'
IMPO (31-Jan-11)
Plant to generate electricity from the methane released by hog waste uses
bacteria in anaerobic digestion to recover methane from heating and mixing hog
manure in an earthen, insulated covered lagoon. Excess liquid is used for
organic fertilizer.
Subcategory: Forensics
Forensic DNA Test Can Decipher Criminals’ Hair Color
Dave Mosher Wired (06-Jan-11)
Subtle shade differences of hair color are controlled by a mutation called a
single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP). New large-scale genomic analyses
have identified dozens of hair color markers, potentially useful in crime scenes
having no eyewitnesses.
Subcategory: Microorganisms
Novel Catalysts Look Set to Clean Up
BBSRC (14-Jan-11)
Simple, 1-step process for the biosynthesis of magnetic nanocatalysts that
can be reused and recovered uses Geobacter organism. Could have widespread
commercial use, from the production of pharmaceuticals to the remediation of
contaminated groundwater.
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Subcategory: Animal
Nabokov Theory on Butterfly Evolution Is Vindicated
Carl Zimmer New York Times (25-Jan-11)
Over the past 10 years, a team of scientists has been applying
gene-sequencing technology to the hypothesis about how Polyommatus blue
butterfly by the lepidopterist better known during his lifetime as the author
of "Lolita."
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Subcategory: Industry
Ted Agres Drug Discovery & Development (01-Jan-11)
The worldwide pharmaceutical market is expected to grow by 5% to 7% in
2011 to $880 billion, much of it in 17 emerging countries. Agres reviews the
state of the industy from a global perspective.
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Subcategory: Combinatorial Biology
Technology to Detect Alzheimer’s Disease
Scripps Research Institute (05-Jan-11)
New approach for identifying antibody biomarkers of human disease
bypasses the difficult step of identifying the natural antigens or antigen
mimics. Peptoids, synthetic molecules, detect the presence of immune
molecules specific to Alzheimer’s disease.
Subcategory: Computing Systems
Larry Hardesty MIT News (11-Jan-11)
A new algorithm enables much faster dissemination of information through
self-organizing networks with a few scattered choke points. It works by
alternating communication strategies from round to round.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
New Reactor Paves the Way for Efficiently Producing Fuel from Sunlight
California Institute of Technology (19-Jan-11)
Cerium oxide (ceria, found in self-cleaning ovens) is the centerpiece of a
promising new technology that concentrates solar energy and uses it to
efficiently convert carbon dioxide and water into fuels.
The Practical Full-Spectrum Solar Cell Comes Closer
Paul Preuss Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (24-Jan-11)
A new solar cell not only responds to virtually the entire solar spectrum, it
can also readily be made using metalorganic chemical vapor deposition
(MOCVD), one of the semiconductor industry’s most common manufacturing
techniques.
Subcategory: Environment
Natural Dissolved Organic Matter Plays Dual Role in Cycling of Mercury
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (11-Jan-11)
Study shows that in anoxic (lacking oxygen) sediments and water, organic
matter is not only capable of reducing mercury, but also binding to it. Hope is
to help make informed decision-making for mercury-impacted sites.
Subcategory: Genomics
Economist (12-Jan-11)
Although a pair of identical twins is born every 50 seconds, the precise details
of the process through which a single embryo issues 2 perfectly formed and
viable human beings has been a mystery. Discusses research of monozygotic
twinning in humans.
Subcategory: Lab-on-a-chip/ DNA Chips/
URI Engineering Team Invents Lab-on-a-Chip for Fast, Inexpensive Blood Tests
Todd McLeish University of Rhode Island (10-Jan-11)
New blood analysis devices uses just a pinprick of blood in a portable device
that provides results in less than 30 minutes.
Subcategory: Materials
A pesky bacterial slime reveals its survival secrets
Michael Patrick Rutter Harvard University Gazette (07-Jan-11)
Bacillus subtilis biofilm colonies exhibit an unmatched ability to repel a wide
range of liquids, even vapors. Perspective may lead to bio-inspired
non-wetting materials, better ways to eliminate harmful biofilms clinging to
pipes, teeth, food.
Iowa State, Ames Lab Researcher Developing Bio-based Polymers that Heal
Iowa State University (06-Jan-11)
Biorenewable polymers capable of healing themselves as they degrade and
crack can provide biorenewable alternatives to petroleum-based resins and
should have a huge impact economically and environmentally.
Polymer Membranes with Molecular-sized Channels That Assemble Themselves
Lynn Yaris Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (11-Jan-11)
Channeled membranes are one of nature’s most clever and important
inventions, controlling transport of essential molecules and ions. Human
technology's challenge is making cost-effective subnanometer channels.
Describes new technique.
Selection by Size and Substance
David L. Chandler MIT News (12-Jan-11)
If pores in a filter small are enough so that there is a significant chemical
interaction between the pore walls and the molecules passing through them, it
becomes possible to discriminate according to characteristics other than size.
Biomedical Breakthrough: Blood Vessels for Lab-grown Tissues
Rice University (12-Jan-11)
Scientists create soft hydrogels, using polyethylene glycol (PEG) and light
that fixes PEG into a solid gel. Contained living cells and growth factors,
solving problem of growing transplantable tissue in the lab. Mimicks the
body's extracellular matrix.
Subcategory: Proteomics
Carmen Drahl Chemical & Engineering News (24-Jan-11)
DNA experiences many forces during transcription and other biological
events, but at 65 piconewtons of force, it almost doubles in length. Finding
might make it easier to calibrate instruments that measure small forces.
Carmen Drahl Chemical & Engineering News (03-Jan-11)
Researchers find a special sulfur linkage while studying sublancin, a naturally
occurring bacterial peptide. Work also uncovers an enzyme that could build
long-lasting sugar-peptide conjugates that could be used to generate
antibodies, study antibiotics.
Princeton Scientists Construct Synthetic Proteins that Sustain Life
Kitta MacPherson Princeton University (06-Jan-11)
For the first time, molecular machines are created that function well within a
living organism, even though they were designed from scratch and expressed
from artificial genes. One of synthetic biology's goals is to develop an entirely
artificial genome.
New Method to Quantify Protein Changes
Scripps Research Institute (05-Jan-11)
Technique focuses on the process of cysteine S-hydroxylation, which plays a
significant role in a number of events related to physiology in both health and
disease, including the regulation of signaling proteins in various disease states.
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Subcategory: Cardiology/ Vascular Diseases
From Dusty Punch Cards, New Insights Into Link Between Cholesterol and
Dan Krotz Berkeley News (04-Jan-11)
Research show value of looking to the past to advance science: 29-year
follow-up of 1966 study uncovers cases of coronary heart disease. Its 55th
year of follow-up upholds original insights: ischemic heart disease is inversely
related to both HDL2, HDL3.
Spanish Heart Risk Study Challenges Image of Healthy Mediterranean Diet and
EurkaAlert! (10-Jan-11)
Very high cardiovascular risk factors in Mediterranean people are similar to
those found in the UK and US. Most of the cardiovascular risk factors
increased with age; other risk factors: smoking, obesity abdominal
obesity, high levels of fatty molecules.
Subcategory: Gastroenterology
Pregnant, Constipated and Bloated? Fly Poo may Tell You Why
Wellcome Trust (06-Jan-11)
There are as many as 500 million nerve cells in our gut, but little is known
about the different types of nerve cell and their functions. The fruit fly,
Drosophila melanogaster, has simpler versions of our nervous and digestive
systems, similar symptoms.
Subcategory: Genomics
Gene Discovery Shows Parents Divided over Brain and Brawn
BBSRC (27-Jan-11)
The gene Grb10 has both copies active but the copy from the father is only
active in the brain, while the maternal copy is active in all other parts of the
body. This one gene may link growth in the womb with both physical and
mental health in later life.
Subcategory: Geriatrics
When Less Is More: How Mitochondrial Signals Extend Lifespan
Salk Institute (06-Jan-11)
Relationships between mitochondria, energy generation and
longevity-interactions suggest that living long does not necessarily require
prospering at the subcellular level. Mitochondrial stress that initiates protein
refolding found to enhance longevity.
Subcategory: Immunology/ Infectious Diseases
Antibiotic Resistance Is not just Genetic
Katholieke Universiteit Leuven (09-Jan-11)
Bacteria resist eradication by genetic resistance to antibiotics and by
"persistence." Interplay occuring between the 2 mechanisms to aid bacterial
survival could lead to novel, effective approaches to treating multi-drug
resistant (MDR) infections.
Mayo Researchers Describe Measles Viral Protein Movement
Mayo Clinic (09-Jan-11)
Proteins on the surface of a cell twist a viral protein into position, allowing
the virus to start infection. The twisting eventually weakens the attachment
proteins, allowing unfolding of a lower layer of proteins that fuse with the
cellular membrane.
Oak Ridge National Laboratory (21-Jan-11)
Understanding how a virus reorganizes itself when it goes from a mosquito to
a human is critical for the development of medicines that can block the spread
of viruses. Neutron scattering study yields new insights into virus life cycle.
Key Interaction in Hepatitis C Virus
Scripps Research Institute (28-Dec-10)
Molecular interaction identified between a structural hepatitis C virus protein
(HCV) and a protein critical to viral replication. Suggests a novel method of
inhibiting the production of the virus, a potential new therapeutic target for
drug development.
Virginia Tech Engineer Identifies Pollution as a New Concern for Antibiotic
Virginia Tech News (05-Jan-11)
When an antibiotic is consumed, up to 90% passes through a body without
metabolizing. In agricultural areas, excreted antibiotics can then enter stream
and river environments through a variety of ways, including discharges from
animal feeding operations.
Subcategory: Metabolism: Obesity, Diabetes
Researchers Rouse Brain Cells that Control Eating Behavior in Mice
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (05-Jan-11)
Describes new radiant technology used to prod mice to eat voraciously or
sparingly by illuminating key nerve cells. Hitting AGRP, one type of neuron,
drives overeating, whereas a different type (POMC) causes them to eat too
little.
Subcategory: Neurology
How Alzheimer's Plaques Lead to Loss of Nitric Oxide in Brain
Daily News and Analysis (11-Jan-11)
Research shows how loss of nitric oxide (NO, a signaling molecule that helps
regulate blood flow, immune, neurological processes) might happen, reveals
biochemical pathways that researchers might be able to exploit to find new
drugs for Alzheimer's.
Subcategory: Oncology
Protein May Unleash Macrophages Against Cancer Cells
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (13-Jan-11)
The protein calreticulin (viewed as an invader by macrophage white blood
cells) is present on a wide variety of cancer cells but rarely on healthy cells.
Some cancer cells evade this immune system, but a drug being developed
might be able to help.
American-Style Diet Linked to Breast Cancer
Laboratory Equipment (07-Jan-11)
Mice fed a Western diet can develop larger tumors that are faster growing and
metastasize more easily, compared to animals eating a control diet. Immigrants
relocating from a region of low incidence show increase in breast cancer with
western diet.
Delivering a Potent Cancer Drug with Nanoparticles can Lessen Side Effects
Anne Trafton MIT News (11-Jan-11)
The cancer drug cisplatin is able to be delivered much more effectively and
safely in a form that has been encapsulated in a nanoparticle targeted to
prostate tumor cells and is activated once it reaches its target.
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Subcategory: Assay Systems
Technology Renews A Basic Approach
Celia Arnaud Chemical & Engineering News (17-Jan-11)
Dried blood spot analysis gaining momentum as a method pharmaceutical
companies use to determine the fate of drugs in the bodies of patients. Small
sample volumes means less shipping cost and use of fewer animals, an ethical
concern.
Subcategory: Food
Shellfish Safer to Eat Thanks to Breakthrough by Queen’s Scientists
Queens University Belfast
New test slashes the testing time for shellfish toxins to just 30 minutes, from
up to 2 days, using new biosensor technology and provides a much more
reliable result. Uses unique ‘detector proteins’ to seek out minute amounts of
toxins.
Subcategory: Genome Sequence
The Institute for Systems Biology Orders 615 Complete Genomics Genomes
Bio-IT World (13-Jan-11)
Neurodegenerative diseases cover a broad range of disorders that affect
neurons, or neuromuscular control, many of which are genetic or hereditary in
nature, such as Huntington’s disease. New study is third major sequencing
project.
Subcategory: Immunology/ Infectious Diseases
See How They Grow: Monitoring Single Bacteria Without a Microscope
University of Michigan (17-Jan-11)
Device that can be made from some of the same parts used in CD players
measures the growth and drug susceptibility of individual bacterial cells
without the use of a microscope. This biosensor promises to speed treatment
of bacterial infections.
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Subcategory: Collaboration
Global Funding Agencies Commit to Enhancing Access to Research Data to
Wellcome Trust (10-Jan-11)
17 major health research funders have signed a joint statement committing to
work together to support timely and responsible sharing of data collected
from populations for the purpose of health research, in ways that are
equitable, ethical and efficient.
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Subcategory: Metabolism: Obesity, Diabetes
Laboratory Equipment (18-Jan-11)
People eat the same at lunch and dinner, regardless of what they had for
breakfast., The only difference seen was the skipping of a mid morning snack
when someone ate a really big breakfast, not enough to offset the extra calories
they had already eaten.
Subcategory: Neurology
Protective Properties of Green Tea Still Present After Digestion
BBSRC (06-Jan-11)
When green tea is digested by enzymes in the gut, the resulting chemicals from
digestion of the tea polyphenols are actually more effective against key
triggers of Alzheimer's development than the undigested form of the tea.
'U' Researcher Confirms Link between Stress and Depression
Suzanne Jabos Michigan Daily (11-Jan-11)
Scientists re-examine study implicating variations in the 5-HTT gene in higher
risk of depression, find that it only accounts for a small percentage of variance
in symptoms. Hope is for a genome-wide survey of genetic factors that affect stress.
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