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BioTechCircle News®
February 2011
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You can now follow our comments and updates on Twitter: http://twitter.com/BioTechCircle
See all previous issues at Archives
In this articles section: links to 70 free Web articles in 12 major categories.
The major categories are in alphabetical order and further subdivided to make it easy for you to locate news and developments in technology, the business and the markets in the life science areas of interest to you. We’ve provided brief synopses to help you decide which articles you’d like to read. Simply click on the title to go directly to the original article.
Here are the major categories.
Agri-Biotech (7 articles)
Biobusiness Management (5 articles)
Diagnostic Tools (3 articles)
Industry (8 articles)
Investments/Government Support (6 articles)
Medical Devices (1 article)
Novel Applications (4 articles)
Organizations (1 article)
People Profiles (1 article)
Platform Technologies (7 articles)
Research Advancements (22 articles)
Research Tools (5 articles)
For a brief explanation of how we categorize the articles, please see "Express Guide to Monthly Web Articles at: http://www.techmanage.net/expressguide_articles
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Subcategory: Crops
GM Crops Continue Spread, Passing 'Billion Hectares'
Richard Black BBC News (22-Feb-11)
Virtually all genetically modified strains used were engineered for just 2 traits:
disease resistance and herbicide tolerance. More than 15 million farmers are
involved in GM agriculture, with growth fastest in Brazil.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
Britt E. Erickson Chemical & Engineering News (21-Feb-11)
U.S. Dept. of Agriculture has cleared the way for farming corn that is
genetically modified to produce a-amylase, an enzyme that rapidly breaks
down starch into sugar. Critics denounce this first U.S. approval of a crop
designed for ethanol production.
Stephen K. Ritter Chemical & Engineering News ( 14-Feb-11)
Biofuels have multiple starting points, with processing by biological or
chemical methods, or both. The ideal is to put raw biomass in one end and get
a ready-to-use fuel out the other end, using as few steps and engineering unit
operations as possible.
How Now, Inside the Cow: Nearly 30,000 Novel Enzymes for Biofuel Production
Doe Joint Genome Institute (27-Jan-11)
About 1% of microbial species can be readily grown in the laboratory; the
other 99% (in soil, water, and residing in other larger life forms such as in
cows) cannot be cultured in a lab. “Metagenomic” studies provide an
alternative method of analysis.
Subcategory: Environmental
Bioenergy Crops Can Drive Global Warming
Laboratory Equipment (01-Mar-11)
It’s not all about greenhouse gases. Modifying the landscape can be just as
important, as experiments show that planting perennial bioenergy crops can
lower surface temperatures by about a degree Celsius locally, averaged over
the entire growing season.
Subcategory: Microorganisms
Galleries / The Funky Fungi Freak Show
Nancy Averett Discover (24-Feb-11)
Colorful slide showof fungus species with stunning looks or freaky abilities.
Derived from book by Steven L. Stephenson, "The Kingdom Fungi: the
Biology of Mushrooms, Molds and Lichens."
Subcategory: Miscellaneous
For Longer-Life, Disease-Free Roses, NC State Researchers Insert Celery Gene
Mick Kulikowski North Carolina State ( 10-Feb-11)
Describes efforts to "buid a better rose" through studying types of sugars best
suited for mixture with water to keep the plants thriving after they’ve been
harvested, variance in water quality and preventing disease.
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Subcategory: Bioethics
Scientific Integrity: Interior Department Is First To Implement White House
David J. Hanson Chemical & Engineering News (07-Feb-11)
Groups concerned that the government has manipulated research results for
political ends welcome policy on scientific integrity. All agencies must put in
place by April 2011. Establishes process for impartial review of alleged
breaching of principles.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
New, Balanced Approach Calculates Lifetime Solar Energy Cost
Argonne National Laboratory (07-Feb-11)
Dollars per Watt metric doesn't take into account the actual energy you will
get from the system or other cost factors such as maintenance. A far more
informative metric is the levelized cost of energy (LCOE), using a Monte
Carlo simulation.
Subcategory: Neurology
Neuroscience and Leadership: The Promise of Insights
Richard Boyatzis Ivey Business Journal 01-Jan-11
Research using fMRI (functional magnetic resonance imaging) suggests why
inspiring and supportive relationships are important: they help activate
openness to new ideas and a more social orientation to others.
Subcategory: Patent/Intellectual Property Issues
Kevin E. Noonan Chemical & Engineering News 07-Feb-11
Noonan discusses Lewis Hyde's book on intellectual property “Common as
Air: Revolution, Art, and Ownership,” examining current practices in light of
the principles the Founding Fathers espoused on copyright, and to a lesser
extent patent.
Subcategory: Prescription
Health-Care Industry Mines Networking Data
Lauren Cox Technology Review (14-Feb-11)
Computational tools look at the prescribing patterns of large groups of
doctors, build maps of professional ties, and track how the popularity of a
new drug grows. Certain doctors are particularly strong influencers, enabling
prediction of drug growth.
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Subcategory: Genomics
National Health Detective Squad Uses Genomic Tools to Diagnose its First
Clay Dillow Popsci (03-Feb-11)
The Undiagnosed Diseases Program (UDP) has traced the source of an
extremely rare vascular disorder (debilitating buildup of calcium in the
below-the-waist arteries and joints) back to its genetic roots.
Subcategory: Miscellaneous
Research Update: Continuous Medical Monitoring
David L. Chandler MIT News (17-Feb-11)
Tiny 'microworms' could be implanted under the skin to give readout of blood
sugar levels or other biomedical information. The tubes’ relatively greater
length compared with spheres keeps the tubes very well anchored in place for
long-term monitoring.
Subcategory: Oncology
A Quicker Way to Identify Skin Cancer
Veronique Greenwood Technology Review (31-Jan-11)
Device is held above a mole, and uses Raman spectroscopy, a technique that
distinguishes molecules using their vibrational states, to scan for those whose
relative concentrations are characteristic of melanoma. Returns verdict in
seconds.
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Subcategory: Drug Discovery
Knowledge@Wharton (09-Feb-11)
Discussion & links to 4 articles on new ways of finding cures more effectively
and delivering them to patients faster have been springing up to meet these
challenges.
Subcategory: Employment/Jobs
Working In The Chinese Drug Industry
Jean-François Tremblay Chemical & Engineering News (14-Feb-11)
Chinese drug companies and contractors serving the global pharmaceutical
industry are struggling to find enough experienced chemists from outside
China to fill a broad range of positions to lead bright, but inexperienced, local
scientists.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
Challenges for Biofuels – New Life Cycle Assessment Report from Energy
Lynn Yarris Berkeley News (08-Feb-11)
Discusses "7 grand challenges" of cradle-to-grave life cycle assessment (LCA)
for biofuel production and use. Requires a good balance between the needs of
technology momentum and adaptive decision making as an ongoing process.
Subcategory: Food
Microsoft’s Former CTO Takes On Modernist Cuisine
Mark McClusky Wired (28-Feb-11)
The caption under the top photo: "Whether he's searching for a malaria cure, a
cloaking device, or the perfect french fry, Nathan Myhrvold pursues his goals
with magnificent obsession." The cutaway views are marvelous.
Subcategory: General
Life Science Sector Forecast to Grow Quickly
Drug Discovery & Development (10-Feb-11)
Life science companies make and sell equipment and tools that are used in
scientific research and testing, such as diagnostics and drug discovery.
Analysts expect consolidation with annual growth of 5-7%.
Subcategory: Genomics
The Future of the Human Genome
Emily Singer Technology Review (10-Feb-11)
Director of the National Human Genome Research Institute, discusses the
institute's vision: advances in understanding how the genome works, how
disease works, and how genomic changes are associated with disease.
Human Genetics Review Sets out Opportunities and Challenges for the Next
Wellcome Trust (15-Feb-11)
The Human Genetics 1990-2009: Portfolio Review report provides
recommendations of how the research community might best maximize the
health benefits of human genetics research, highlights the limited progress in
areas such as infectious disease biology.
Subcategory: Geographic focus
Review of Industrial Biotechnology and Bioenergy Published
Colin Miles BBSRC (03-Feb-11)
Industrial biotechnology and bioenergy are 1 of 3 high-level strategic priorities
that can make an important contribution to UK society and economic growth.
Recommendations include revision of portfolio of grants, knowledge exchange
activities.
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Subcategory: Computing Systems
U.S. Scientists Given Access to Cloud Computing
John Markoff New York Times (04-Feb-11)
The National Science Foundation and the Microsoft Corporation have agreed
to offer American scientific researchers free access to the company’s new
cloud computing service. Goal of 3-year project is to help scientists cope with
exploding amount of data.
Subcategory: Education
Student Research Shows Diversity of Bacterial Viruses
Howard Hughes Medical Institute Institute (27-Jan-11)
Hands-on research on bacterial viruses called phages demonstrates how
phages stake out their territories. Program makes it possible to acquire a large
number of phages and analyze them in an organized fashion.
Twelve New Schools Will Offer Year-Long Phage Genomics Course
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (27-Jan-11)
Student discoveries lead to realization that science is not the facts you glean
from textbooks, but a dynamic process that leads to new knowledge. Faculty
say the course has changed how they think science should be taught.
HHMI Launches Documentary Film Unit to Create Science Features for
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (04-Feb-11)
There is a great need for more high-quality science programs on television;
with more than 380 top scientists, including 13 Nobel Prize winners, HHMI’s
work in science research and education puts it in a unique position to help fill
some of that demand.
Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
DOE Pursues SunShot Initiative to Achieve Cost Competitive Solar Energy by
US Department of Energy (04-Feb-11)
Initiative will invest in cell technologies, manufacturing improvements, focus
on steps to streamline and digitize local permitting processes that will reduce
installation and permitting costs. Goal is to reduce cost of large scale solar
energy by 75%.
Subcategory: Immunology/ Infectious Diseases
Bill Gates Pushes for Worldwide End to Polio in Annual Letter
Brian T. Horowitz eWeek 04-Feb-11
Providing the polio vaccine to children under 5 in poor countries will cost $1
billion a year until the virus is completely eradicated. Outbreaks occurred in
16 countries in 2010, including Afghanistan, India, Nigeria and Pakistan.
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Subcategory: Miscellaneous
Mummies’ False Toes Helped Ancient Egyptians Walk
Aeron Haworth The University of Manchester (14-Feb-11)
The big toe is thought to carry some 40% of the bodyweight and is
responsible for forward propulsion. Volunteers who have lost their big right
toe say molds of artificial big toes found dating from before 600BC functioned
well.
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Subcategory: Animal
Sentinel of Change: Waterflea Genome to Improve Environmental Monitoring
Doe Joint Genome Institute (03-Feb-11)
With its 200 million-base genome, waterflea Daphnia pulex is an aquatic
model system that acts as a sentinel species for diagnosing the presence of
problematic chemicals in fresh water and extrapolate their effects.
Subcategory: Misc. Drugs
A Smart Pill Box Uses Face Recognition Tech to Ensure We Take Our Meds
Clay Dillow Popsci (28-Jan-11)
When it’s time to take your meds, your computer sounds an alert. The Web
cam powers up and recognizes your face, and a colored band worn on the
finger (the patient has to put this on) helps the system track hand movement.
Subcategory: Neurology
Video: 'Affetto,' A Disembodied Japanese Baby Head, Takes Uncanny Valley to
Rebecca Boyle Popsci (11-Feb-11)
Robot head, which is supposed to represent a 1- to 2-year-old child, is meant
to help researchers study cognitive development. Boyle asks: Does a more
realistic robot face look less creepy? You be the judge. Video.
Subcategory: Oncology
Black Lab Sniffs Out Bowel Cancer in Patients with Near-Perfect Accuracy
Clay Dillow Popsci (01-Feb-11)
Dogs have exhibited a unique talent for accurately sniffing out biomarkers for
a variety of cancers (bladder, lung, bowel and breast cancers among them). A
dog in Japan has 95% accuracy for sniffing out bowel cancer on breath and
98% on stools.
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Subcategory: Education
Bringing Science to the Citizens
Celia Arnaud Chemical & Engineering News (07-Feb-11)
Citizen Science is an ungraded intensive two-and-a-half-week workshop
designed to introduce students to the scientific process in an experimental
program to teach the rudiments of science to all undergraduates.
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Subcategory: Energy/ Fuel
Stephen K. Ritter Chemical & Engineering News (14-Feb-11)
Chemical engineer is devoted to developing meaningful methods to compare
the economic, national security, and environmental value of the various
renewable transportation fuels now vying to extend and eventually replace
petroleum-derived fuels.
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Subcategory: Cell Therapy
Treating Genetic Disorders Before Birth
Lauren Gravitz Technology Review (21-Jan-11)
In mice, transplanting a mother's own stem cells into her fetus populates its
bone marrow with healthy cells while avoiding immune rejection. "The fetus is
wired to tolerate cells; when it encounters cells from mom, it tolerates them."
Subcategory: Diagnostic Test Systems
UA Experts Determine Age of Book "Nobody Can Read"
Daniel Stolte University of Arizona (09-Feb-11)
Using radiocarbon dating, researchers have found the parchment pages of the
mysterious Voynich manuscript date back to the early 15th century, making
the book a century older than scholars had previously thought.
Subcategory: Drug Discovery
Celia Arnaud Chemical & Engineering News (09-Feb-11)
An unnatural amino acid has given researchers a switch to turn on a specific
enzyme with light. This tool will allow scientists to determine the timing of
cellular signaling and identify which parts of a signaling network might be
good drug targets.
Subcategory: Evolution Research
Clay-armored Bubbles May Have Formed First Protocells
Bioscience Technology (07-Feb-11)
Clay vesicles provide an ideal container for the compartmentalization of
complex organic molecules, opens the possibility that primitive cells might
have formed inside inorganic clay microcompartments.
Subcategory: Materials
Harvard's Four-Cent Paper Accelerometer Could Make Motion Sensing
Rebecca Boyle Popsci (14-Feb-11)
Sensors could enable cheap microelectromechanical devices in anything from
consumer electronics to medicine. For example, The NFL is researching the
use of accelerometers in football helmets to study head impacts.
Subcategory: Proteomics
Collisions of Protein Machines Cause DNA Replication Derailment
BBSRC (23-Feb-11)
The process of DNA replication is even riskier than originally thought, as
collisions between the big, fast-moving DNA replisome and the small, slow
RNA polymerase are more frequent than expected.
New Technique Focuses on Transcription
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (20-Jan-11)
New ability to freeze process of converting the code contained in genes to the
proteins that make up a living organism at its earliest stage provides a
powerful tool for exploring how a cell turns transcription of genes on and off
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Subcategory: Cardiology/ Vascular Diseases
More Evidence Ties Moderate Drinking to Heart Health
Health Day (22-Feb-11)
People who drink alcohol in moderation (one drink or less per day) are 14%
to 25% less likely to develop heart disease as those who don't drink alcohol.
Important caveat: drinking too much is bad for your health.
Adrenal Tumors Lead Researchers to Hypertension-Related Gene Mutation
Howard Hughes Medical Institute (11-Feb-11)
Mutations in the gene encoding the KCNJ5 potassium channel drive
development of aldosterone-producing adenomas,a tumor of the adrenal gland.
Excessive levels of aldersterone produce hypertension.
Subcategory: Disease Prevention
A Test for 400 Inherited Diseases
Emily Singer Technology Review (14-Jan-11)
Test reads the sequence of about 2 million letters of DNA spread out over
7,000 different chunks, is designed to detect mutations in genes that have been
linked to so-called recessive Mendelian disorders, including cystic fibrosis
and Tay-Sachs.
Subcategory: Geriatrics
Scientists Find 'Core Pathway' Causing Declining Health in Old Age
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (09-Feb-11)
The basic cause of age-related health decline is malfunctioning telomeres (the
end-caps on cells' chromosomes that protect them against DNA damage). As
cells reach their limit of times that they can divide, the telomeres become
shortened and frayed.
Spotting Alzheimer's Disease Early
Emily Singer Technology Review (19-Jan-11)
A new molecular dye might eventually help diagnose Alzheimer's disease
much earlier. It binds to amyloid plaques and can be detected in the living
brain with PET imaging. Could prove vital to developing effective treatments
and preventative measures.
Subcategory: Immunology/ Infectious Diseases
Virus-mimicking Nanoparticles Can Stimulate Long Lasting Immunity
Biology News (23-Feb-11)
Nanoparticles, made of biodegradable polymers, have components that
activate 2 different parts of the innate immune system and can be used
interchangeablywith material from many different bacteria or viruses. Induced
lifelong immunity in mice.
Claire Panosian Dunavan Discover (09-Feb-11)
Clostridium difficile is a toxin-producing bacterium that thrives in the guts of
patients whose healthy bacteria have been depleted by treatment with
antibiotics. Surge in the number, severity of cases is due to heavy use of
antibiotics, mutated strains
Fragment of Human DNA Found in Genome of Gonorrhea Bacteria
Rebecca Boyle Popsci (14-Feb-11)
Gonorrhea is one of very few diseases exclusive to our species, and is one of
the oldest recorded diseases in human history. Evidence of a human DNA
fragment is shedding light on why Neisseria gonorrhoeae is so adept at
surviving in human hosts
Emily Singer Technology Review (28-Jan-11)
In-depth genetic analysis of closely related strains of streptococcus
pneumoniae shows that the bug can easily swap chunks of DNA with other
strains, allowing it to rapidly evolve defenses against both antibiotics and
vaccines.
Subcategory: Microorganisms
Sarah Everts Chemical & Engineering News (21-Feb-11)
Bacteria build nanotube channels to share the innermost contents of their cells
with individuals of the same or different species. May help explain how
bacteria of many different species coordinate community life in biofilms, share
genes and proteins.
Genetically Engineered Probiotics
Emily Singer Technology Review (01-Feb-11)
Scientists still don't know exactly how probiotic bacteria influence the
gastrointestinal system. They might temporarily alter the ratio of good to bad
bacteria that inhabit the intestine, or specifically block activity of bad bacteria.
Subcategory: Nephrology/ Urology
Adult Kidney Stem Cells Found in Fish
B. D. Colen Harvard University Gazette (26-Jan-11)
Adult kidney stem cells in the zebrafish can generate new nephrons. These
cells can be transplanted from one fish to another fish, whereby they grow
into functional nephrons in the transplanted recipient. May lead to new
treatment for kidney disease.
Subcategory: Neurology
Alzheimer’s Study: Bilingual Brains Are Dementia-Resistant
Andrew Moseman Discover (22-Feb-11)
On average, speakers of multiple languages had been diagnosed with
Alzheimer's 4 years later in their lives, even though their brain CT scans
showed greater physical damage. The bilinguals’ brains are somehow
compensating."
Sue McGreevey Harvard University Gazette (21-Jan-11)
First study documents meditation-produced changes over time in the brain’s
gray matter. Experiential stress change corresponds with structural changes in
the amygdala, a finding that opens doors to many possibilities for further
research.
Peter Dizikes MIT News (10-Feb-11)
A word’s length reflects the amount of information it contains, some
researchers say, an alternative to frequency of use. Whether clusters of shorter
words or individual longer words are used, language tends to convey
information at consistent rates.
Jonah Lehrer The Wall Street Journal (19-Feb-11)
Sometimes, too much focus can backfire; all that caffeine gets in the way. For
instance, researchers have found a surprising link between daydreaming and
creativity. The inability to focus helps ensure a richer mixture of thoughts in
consciousness.
Subcategory: Obstetrics/ Gynecology
Dad’s Genes Direct Mum’s Cells to Nourish Baby During Pregnancy
Wellcome Trust (16-Feb-11)
Genes from the father that are expressed in the placenta help to guide the
maternal immune system in remodelling the blood supply in the womb. This
helps to provide optimal nourishment for the growing fetus and is associated
with a healthy pregnancy.
Subcategory: Oncology
Blocking Enzyme Cut Cancer Spread
BBC News (22-Feb-11)
High levels of the enzyme LOXL2 are linked with breast cancer spread and
poor survival rates. Chemicals and antibodies used to block the activity of
LOXL2 in mice stopped breast cancer spreading to other tissues.
Dana-Farber Researchers Identify Molecular Predictor of Metastatic Prostate
Dana-Farber Cancer Institute (02-Feb-11)
Prostate tumors that carry a "signature" of 4 molecular markers have the
potential to become dangerously metastatic if not treated aggressively. Lays
groundwork for gene-based test for likely dormancy or lethal spread to other
parts of the body.
New Induced Stem Cells May Unmask Cancer at Earliest Stage
Terry Devitt University of Wisconsin (04-Feb-11)
New induced cells made from diseased marrow carry the same genetic
mutations that cause the blood cancer chronic myeloid leukemia. Could
unmask the cellular events that cause cancers such as leukemia, aid
development of new stem cell-based therapies.
Subcategory: Ophthalmology
A Sharper Future for Retinal Implants
Nidhi Subbaraman Technology Review (01-Feb-11)
New research suggests a way to make higher-quality, more biocompatible
retinal implants by integrating living neural cells with an organic polymer
semiconductor that is softer and more flexible than silicon.
Subcategory: Pain Management
Negative Experiences Can Stop Painkillers Working
James Gallagher BBC News (16-Feb-11)
A patient's belief that a drug will not work can become a self fulfilling
prophecy. Could have important consequences for patient care and for testing
new drugs by integrating the effects of expectation and active treatment.
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Subcategory: Biomarker
Detecting Whether a Heart Attack Has Occurred
Anne Trafton MIT News (14-Feb-11)
New implantable sensor can detect 3 proteins whose levels spike after a heart
attack, reveal how much protein has ever been present.; could also be adapted
to monitor cancer and other diseases.
Subcategory: Computing Systems
The Impact of IBM’s Watson on Healthcare
WebProNews (04-Mar-11)
One of the biggest challenges for medical professionals is keeping up-to-date
on the latest research. Video and article on how IBM's Watson supercomputer
would help those in the medical field become more efficient in everyday
tasks.
Subcategory: Imaging
Firefly Glow: Berkeley Lab Scientists Develop a Safe Hydrogen Peroxide Probe
Lynn Yarris Berkeley News (10-Feb-11)
New probe based on luciferase (enzyme that gives fireflies their glow) enables
researchers to monitor hydrogen peroxide levels in mice, track progression of
infectious diseases or cancerous tumors without harming the animals or even
shaving their fur.
Subcategory: Musculoskeletal
Old Bones Help Modern Back Pain
Laboratory Equipment (01-Mar-11)
The bones of people who died up to 100 years ago are being used in the
development of new treatments for chronic back pain. Data on different spine
conditions, how spines vary in size and shape is used to develop computer
models for treatment evaluation.
Subcategory: Oncology
Julie Manoharan BioTechniques (08-Feb-11)
Indian researcher turns to silk worms to help him find a solution to one of
contemporary cell culture’s challenges: 3-D in vitro tumor modeling. The silk
scaffolds allow a level of tumor research accuracy that had not been achieved
before.
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